Why is AN/APG-81 AESA Radar the most powerful airborne radar?

The full form of Radar is radio detection and ranging. It is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (ranging), angle, and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. An airborne radar system is designed to detect aircraft, ships, and vehicles at long ranges and perform control and command of the battlespace in an air engagement by directing fighter and attack aircraft strikes. The most powerful airborne radar is AN/APG-81 AESA Radar. Here are the reasons why- 


AN/APG-81 Radar; photo credit: US Airforce


The AN/APG-81 is an active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar system designed by Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems for the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II.

Specifications of AN/APG-81

  • Radar Designation: AN/APG-81

  • Type: Airborne dual-mode radar

  • Frequency band: X-band range: 8-12.5 GHz

  • Antenna type: Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA)

  • Antenna size: 1,200 element array

  • Azimuth coverage: +-70º

  • Elevation coverage: +-70º

  • Air-to-air maximum range (mode):

  • Look-up high aspect target: 125 km

  • Look-down high aspect target: 125 km

  • Target size: 1 m2RCS

  • Air-to-air modes: Multi-Target Track, Track While Scan, Dogfight

  • Air-to-ground modes: Synthetic Aperture Radar, Ground


The Northrop Grumman AN/APG-81 active electronically scanned array or AESA radar centerpiece at f-35 lethality. It provides unmatched capabilities for air-to-air, air-to-surface, stealth, and electronic warfare operations. At the heart of the AESA is miniature transmit and receive or TR modules. The APG-81 AESA radar has over 1,000 TR sights and includes an advanced receiver and exciter that are capable of extreme waveform agility and are mounted behind the AESA with no moving parts. The numerous TR modules are electronically steered together to provide nearly instantaneous beam repositioning. There was an actual flight test where 23 targets within 100 miles, 19 targets are detected and tracked in under three seconds and all 23 targets are detected and tracked in under nine seconds. The numerous TR modules are electronically steered together to provide nearly instantaneous beam repositioning. There was an actual flight test where 23 targets within 100 miles, 19 targets are detected and tracked in under three seconds and all 23 targets are detected and tracked in under nine seconds. the AESA radar continues to track all targets while searching for more the radar tracks and identifications are integrated and displayed to the pilot on the f-35 s advanced situational awareness cockpit display system.


Photo credit: Northrop Grumman



The APG-81 AESA radar supports simultaneous air-to-air and air-to-ground operations and makes huge high-resolution SAR maps at long ranges with a single look. The APG-81 automatic target cueing rapidly locates targets and reduces pilot workload. The pilot can simply zoom in on an area of interest to expand the detail with no new map required.


All this specification makes AN/APG-81 AESA radar the most powerful airborne radar.




MUINUDDIN BASHAR ARONNO was born in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Currently, he is pursuing his B.Eng. degree in Electronics and Information Engineering from Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. He loves working at the intersection of technology, business, and education. 


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